Schiit Fulla 2 Released

Discussion in 'Headphone Amplifiers and Combo (DAC/Amp) Units' started by neogeosnk, Dec 6, 2016.

  1. purr1n

    purr1n Desire for betterer is endless.

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    Because voltage swing isn't increased but current is doubled.

    Lower impedance loads demand more current. Higher impedance loads were never current starved.

    V = IR
    P = (V^2 / R) = VI
     
  2. schiit

    schiit SchiitHead

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    Bottom line, if you don't know:

    1. The capability of the output stage in terms of current output
    2. The inherent output resistance of the output stage (without feedback applied)
    3. The capability of the topology to swing the rails (or not, or how close)
    4. The capability of the power supply, both in terms of current and voltage rails
    5. The effect of any current-limiting inherent in a chip output stage, and/or...
    6....the effect of any current-limiting done on purpose to a discrete output stage,

    you won't be able to predict how it will perform into any load with simple linear extrapolation.
     
  3. lm4der

    lm4der A very good sport - Friend

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    Ok, next time ELI3 - this should consist of hand gestures and cooing sounds only.

    J/K, the Ohmic law reminder does help a bunch. But it seems like the implication is that the load for 300ohm measurements should have been chosen to accept more power? That we aren't actually seeing its full power rating because "Higher impedance loads were never current starved"?

    Thanks for explaining that, it was rather mysterious trying to derive some rule for this.
     
  4. ultrabike

    ultrabike Measurbator - Admin

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    Here is how I see it.

    There are voltage swing limitations, and current drive limitations.

    USB provides a 5V / 500mA supply, and that's it. So...

    EDIT: Note USB provides 5V to GND, which the Fulla-2 converts to +/-5V using a "high-current dual-polarity switching regulator, with inductor filtering and local regulation". This means the internal devices are going to see 10 Vpp, 5 Vp, and +/-5 V rails .

    1) Maximum Power, 300 ohms: 40mW RMS per channel

    Means the system is voltage swing limited to V = sqrt(R*P) = sqrt(300 * 0.04) = 3.46 Vrms (Remember, USB is limited to 5 V. Since 3.46 Vrms is about 4.89 V peak you are kind of close to what the port can give you anyway).

    The device may be capable of giving you shit loads of current, but if it can only swing 3.46 Vrms, it will only give you 11.5 mA rms. Unless you do something funky, you cannot give the load more than the supply is giving you: 5 V. And to that subtract all non-idealities and realities that Jason mentioned. I'm surprised how close the device can swing from the rails!

    2) Maximum Power, 16 Ohms: 550mW RMS per channel

    Means the system at this point is current drive limited to I = sqrt(P/R) = sqrt(0.55 / 16) = 185 mA rms. (Remember, USB is limited to 500 mA so with 2 channels the 185 mA x 2 = 370 mA rms or ~500 mA which is kind of what the port can give you anyway)

    The device may be capable of giving you a swing of 3.46 Vrms as implied by 1), but since it can only give you 185 mA rms per channel, you are only going to get 2.96 V rms.

    Now, can we not be voltage limited into 300 ohms, and not current starved into 16 ohms? Yes, proly get another more powerful amp, and get voltage limited into another impedance and current starve into another impedance. May need to not use the USB port for power, and there goes portability.

    As it is, IMO the drive limitations of the Fulla 2.0 are pretty competitive in it's class and should be able to drive most cans out there using a single simple portable solution. YMMV.

    BTW, voltage swing limitations and current drive limitations may be (slightly) different depending on load impedance as well.
     
    Last edited: Dec 8, 2016
  5. lm4der

    lm4der A very good sport - Friend

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    Pure awesome, thanks!
     
  6. Neal

    Neal Facebook Friend

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    Here's my ELI5 shot:

    For the climb up from low resistance, you are current limited, i.e. if you hooked up a 1 ohm load to your Vidar (with no protection circuit) and cranked the volume, you would draw more current than your circuit breaker can handle and blow a fuse or burn down your house. So engineers put limitations on the power for low resistance loads so this doesn't happen. Similar thing happening with Fulla 2 at 16 ohm on USB power.

    Once you hit the normal operating region, V^2 = PR = constant, so power drops with higher resistance ("200W RMS per channel into 4 ohms, 100W RMS per channel into 8 ohms"). If you do the math for Fulla 2, 32*360mW = 50*230mW = 300*40mW ~= constant.
     
  7. Cspirou

    Cspirou They call me Sparky

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    @ultrabike - don't forget that it's 3.46 Vrms. The p-p voltage is 3.46*sqrt(2)=4.9 Vp-p. That's pretty close to the +/-5V rails.

    Edit:

    Doh! it's 9.78Vpp! It's more accurate to say +/-4.9V or just 4.9Vpeak
     
    Last edited: Dec 8, 2016
  8. ultrabike

    ultrabike Measurbator - Admin

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    Yup. Will mod my post there. Thanks man!
     
  9. ultrabike

    ultrabike Measurbator - Admin

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    Ups! Isn't USB 5 V to GND DC though?
     
  10. Cspirou

    Cspirou They call me Sparky

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    I bought the Fulla 1 as a stocking stuffer when it first came out and it was great. This is even better since it sets the stage for upgrades. All these are easy next steps:

    -get an amp(Vali 2) connected to the line out
    -get a better DAC or turntable to feed the line in
    -get powered speakers connected to the variable line out
    -get headphones that you couldn't use with the weak headphone jacks in laptops

    And of course I think people with an iPhone 7 would certainly appreciate this. Not only because they get a jack but you can't underestimate an analog volume knob.
     
  11. ultrabike

    ultrabike Measurbator - Admin

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    Brain fart. I get it @Cspirou.

    The 5 V to GND USB source is rms and peak, because it's DC. The output is however specified as RMS because it's AC.

    End of the day, the Fulla is really close to the rails and to what the USB port can supply. Surprisingly close.
     
  12. Cspirou

    Cspirou They call me Sparky

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    Yeah, the 5V is DC whereas the 3.46V is AC. I just think the the peak to peak voltage gives a clear indication of the limits with regards to the rails.
     
  13. imackler

    imackler Key Lime Pie Infected Aberdeen Wings Spy

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    This really looks like a great product. I was looking for a good, portable source to feed both office amp and desktop amp, using the same laptop as source. At the same time, I was hoping to use the same source as a portable dac/amp. Sure... I could buy a fiio product. But it seemed like the only SABF recommended product would be a GO device. Or maybe a tentative Dragonfly recommendation. This is a neat competitor that adds options. Can't wait for reviews.
     
  14. spwath

    spwath Hijinks master cum laudle

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    Looks real nice, but I have no use for it (Which is good, as I also have no money for it).
    Already have my GO450 on headphone duty, and my magni 2 on speaker duty.
     
  15. Armaegis

    Armaegis Friend

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    Haha, I remember when the LMH6643 was popular during the iBasso opamp rolling days.
     
  16. mawk

    mawk Acquaintance

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    I reckon Schiit has absolutely nailed the feature list on this. Everything in this form factor is a massive exercise in compromise, and Fulla 2 looks like the best sort of compromise to me.

    I've been reluctantly using a Fiio E10K at work for years because there was very little else that could offer USB power + line out + real pot at a decent price. Now I actually have a legitimate upgrade option. There's definitely a market out there for guys who want something cheap to run their M50s but don't want anything that's going to embarrass itself when they upgrade to better system.
     
  17. Kattefjaes

    Kattefjaes Mostly Harmless

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    [​IMG]

    "Not just a dongle anymore.." - very nice. This seems like quite a power-packed little desktop unit. I suspect that I am looking for a use-case just because it's so damned cute. However, that's not hard- I could find a use for a tiny desktop DAC/amp for my work machine, to replace the ancient USB sound card that I use to drive headphones at the moment. Fulla 2 looks smaller, cuter, and probably better at driving headphones. Not having the extra channels, inputs, mic preamps and so forth might actually be an advantage, less scope for ALSA to go special, fewer devices to randomly reorder on boot.
     
  18. Decomo

    Decomo Almost "Made"

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    [​IMG]

    If Fulla2 is similar to Grace M9xx, will it give more power by connecting both 6 & 7 so power comes from dedicated DC power (#6) and only data comes from #7?
     
  19. GoodEnoughGear

    GoodEnoughGear Evil Dr. Shultz‎

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    Nope...see @schiit's reply earlier in the thread.
     
  20. Decomo

    Decomo Almost "Made"

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    Thank you. I must missed it. :)
     

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